1. Soft vs hard
Big sources close to the subject are soft and flattering; small or distant sources (bare LED, midday sun) are hard. Diffuse or bounce to soften.
Soft vs hard, direction, three-point and window light.
Big sources close to the subject are soft and flattering; small or distant sources (bare LED, midday sun) are hard. Diffuse or bounce to soften.
Key at ~45° and slightly above the eyes; fill on the other side at about half the strength; backlight behind to separate from the background.
Light the side of the face that's turned away from the camera (short lighting). It adds shape and depth, which is ideal for interviews and portraits.
A window to one side is a beautiful soft key. Turn off ceiling lights that don't match its colour, and use a reflector for fill.
Set white balance in Kelvin (Daylight 5600K, Tungsten 3200K), or do a custom WB on a grey card. Assign WB to a custom button on your Sony A7 V.